Current projects and programs
Programs
Moringa: financial and nutritional community empowerment
CPR: Center of Rural Promotion
Dry season garden
Library/Reading Room
Moringa :financial and nutritional community empowerment
"Moringa is a tropical tree with multiple uses and which is resistant to drought. Among the 13 species known, Moringa oleifera is particularly easy to reproduce and its growth is very fast.
The numerous economic uses of Moringa oleifera together with its easy propagation have raised growing international interest for this tree which originated from India and which is found in most tropical countries (Africa, Asia and North America).
Moringa is also an important food source in many countries. In India, Moringa pods are widely consumed and plantations exist to produce pods for export, fresh and tinned, to overseas consumers. In West Africa, Moringa oleifera leaves are commonly used to make sauces. Other potential applications of Moringa including use as livestock feed, plant growth hormone, green manure, medicines or for paper making are currently the subject of various research efforts." (www.moringanews.org) The protein and micro-nutrient quality of Moringa make it ideal for use combating malnutrition and as a general health supplement in everyday diet.
GARPE has made the commitment to the local communities to do everything in our power to spread the word of Moringa far and wide. 15 kilometers away is the village of Bougnakou, where we started work with a womens' group. The women harvest the leaves, wash them, dry them, and grind them into the powder we sell. By paying these women for their product, we have given them a source of income to supplement that of their husbands'. They also have as much Moringa powder as they need for personal use in cooking in their own homes.
Moringa Powder
Most villages have a health center that serves as a community hospital and birthing center. There is a director as well as a midwife. In our commune of Perere, we have 9. Thus far, we are currently selling Moringa powder as well as Moringa infused baby formula at each center. The communities have been very receptive to this and we hope to expand to other communities soon.
CPR: Center of Rural Promotion
This is our "office". It is a piece of land contracted to GARPE by our local commune (similar to counties in the US). Our activities there include livestock breeding such as cows, rabbits, chickens, goats, and hogs. We also have many hectares of peanuts, corn, and millet, which we sell during the harvest season. This is a wonderful facility!
Unfortunately, the resources are not available to invite agriculture students to participate in educational programs, which was in the original terms of our agreement with the commune. Until the possibility of students are possible, the animals will serve as a source of income by selling offspring as well as an educational opportunity to local people who would like to diversify their farming skills.
Dry season garden
The dry season can be devastating in Benin. With months of no rain, bush fires destroy fields and though some are intentionally set to prepare fields for the next planting; it makes fresh food impossible. GARPE has secured land next to a man-made dam that supplies us with water year-round. We begin with a seed nursery then, as the garden grows and we transplant to bigger rows.
Moringa Seedling Distribution
With a motor pump and some pvc piping, we are able to irrigate about 1 hectare. We hope to expand to 3 hectares next year with a refined piping system. Inter-placed with the rows of vegetables like carrots and lettuce are Moringa trees, which we then make into powder to supplement our supply from the women's group in Bougnakou.
Pruning The Moringa Plant
Library/Reading Room
GARPE's committment to community development does stem outside the realm of agro-business. Upon arrival in September 2006, current volunteer, Rachael, noticed a significant lack of reading material-in fact, none at all. It is difficult enough for the students to buy schoolbooks thus leisure reading is not even an option. For someone who grew up spending countless rainy days and vacations lost in the world of print, this was by far one of the most disheartening observations. Rachael had a few French novels sent over from the U.S. and within a week, her neighbors had devoured them and were pleading for her to bring more. Education is not a right here but a privilege.
Many times, of all the children in the family (sometimes more than 12 kids), only one is chosen to go to school and succeed for the family.
Talks with the community have begun to discuss allocating land for a new building. "A library!" they said, "but what will we fill it with?" With a modest purchase of about 100 used books from an annual church sale, we began our library...in Rachael's house. These books are shipped in every year from France for a used sale, as they are hard to come by in Benin. She lends to the students in her neighborhood and keeps track of the flow of books. This will continue until we can get a building constructed. This is a great start! The community is now all a chatter and look forward to breaking ground.
We have a bit longer to wait until the funding is raised but in the mean time, one can finally see a middle school student indulging in a novel for fun during a lazy afternoon.
http://garpeong.interconnection.org/Programs.html
atenciosamente,
Mary
Designer sueco cria armário que limpa roupas sem utilizar água,
Sarah Lozanova
Drink it or Drive it: The Promise of Agave for Ethanol
72 comments August 8, 2008 in Agriculture, Clean Energy, Transportation Tech
Corn has given ethanol a bad name and scientists are searching far and wide for
alternative feedstock. Agave has been getting attention lately and looks very
promising, although tequila connoisseurs may not be cheering. Here's why agave
is so much appealing:
High Yield Per Acre
Soybeans generate a measly 60 gallons of biodiesel annually from an acre of
land and has an energy balance of 2.5. Corn generates about 300-400 gallons of
ethanol per acre and has an energy balance of 1.3. Sugar cane can generate
600-800 gallons of ethanol per acre annually and has an energy balance of 8.
Sugar cane unfortunately is very labor intensive to cultivate and could
contribute to deforestation.
Agave however can yield an impressive 2,000 gallons of distilled ethanol per
acre each year annually. Cellulosic ethanol from agave has 6 to 9 times the
yield per acre. This would significantly reduce the quantity of land needed to
produce the same quantity of transportations fuels.
Thrives in Wastelands
Agave fixes nitrogen in the soil and actually improves the soil quality where
it is grown. 95% of the Agavacea family calls Mexico home and 50% of the country
is ideally suited for agave cultivation. Dry, arid, and steep terrain typically
have fewer economic opportunities and greater poverty. Ethanol from agave would
open up new markets in marginalized lands.
Few other ethanol feedstocks grow well on marginalized lands. Sugar cane, which
is used widely in Brazil for ethanol production, is grown in tropical regions
and can drive deforestation.
Low Water Requirements
Agave does not require much water for cultivation, making it favorable over
many of the alternatives because it does not need to be irrigated. Dependence on
irrigation brings a myriad of problems. Water scarcity can cause competition
between irrigation and drinking water. Farmers with crops reliant on water are
more vulnerable to droughts. Increasing water costs can create more volatile
crop prices. Because agave doesn't need agrochemicals, it also helps protect
water quality.
Doesn't Require Cellulosic Technology
Although the ethanol yield from agave increases dramatically when the cellulose
is used, this evolving technology is not essential. This should help shorten the
time needed for ethanol from agave to hit the market in large quantities.
Opportunity for Farmers
Agave production was estimated to have decreased by 25%-35% in 2007. High
global tequila demand had previously caused agave prices to increase. As a
result, production increased and prices fell. As a result, many Mexican farmers
began cultivating corn to satisfy the U.S. demand for corn-based ethanol.
Unfortunately corn is considered a "prima donna" crop and requires considerably
more fertilizer and water than agave.
Ethanol from agave will open a new market for the agave plant and increase
economic opportunities. It doesn't need agrochemicals or irrigation and is not
labor intensive, lowering the overhead costs to growers.
On the downside, what effect will this development have on the price of
tequila? Hopefully tequila riots will not ensu
Critical Analysis othe work published by The newspaper The hindu
Methane-powered laptops closer
It may not much longer to make fuel cells practical and affordable. Fuel cells operate by converting chemical energy (from hydrogen or a hydrocarbon fuel such as methane) into an electric current.
Oxygen ions travel from the cathode through the electrolyte toward the anode, where they oxidize the fuel to produce a current of electrons back toward the cathode.
That may seem simple enough in principle, but until now, SOFCs have been more suited for the laboratory rather than the office or garage.
With advances in nanostructured devices, lower operating temperatures, and the use of an abundant fuel source and cheaper materials, a group of researchers led by Shriram Ramanathan at the Harvard School of Engineering and Applied Sciences (SEAS) are increasingly optimistic about the commercial viability of the technology.
Ramanathan says they may, in fact, soon become the go-to technology for those on the go.
The obstacles to using SOFCs to charge laptops and phones or drive the next generation of cars and trucks have remained reliability, temperature, and cost.
Critical advances
In two studies appearing in the Journal of Power Sources this month, Ramanathan's team reported several critical advances in SOFC technology that may quicken their pace to market.
In the first paper, Ramanathan's group demonstrated stable and functional all-ceramic thin-film SOFCs that do not contain any platinum, according to a Harvard University press release.
In thin-film SOFCs, the electrolyte is reduced to a hundredth or even a thousandth of its usual scale, using densely packed layers of special ceramic films, each just nanometres in thickness. These micro-SOFCs usually incorporate platinum electrodes, but they can be expensive and unreliable.
"If you use porous metal electrodes," explains Ramanathan, "they tend to be inherently unstable over long periods of time. They start to agglomerate and create open circuits in the fuel cells."
Win-win situation
Ramanathan's platinum-free micro-SOFC eliminates this problem, resulting in a win-win: lower cost and higher reliability.
In a second paper published this month, the team demonstrated a methane-fueled micro-SOFC operating at less than 500° Celsius, a feat that is relatively rare in the field.
Traditional SOFCs have been operating at about 800°C, but such high temperatures are only practical for stationary power generation. In recent years, materials scientists have been working to reduce the required operating temperature to about 300°C, a range Ramanathan calls the "sweet spot."
Moreover, when fuel cells operate at lower temperatures, material reliability is less critical — allowing, for example, the use of less expensive ceramics and metallic interconnects — and the start-up time can be shorter.
"Low temperature is a holy grail in this field," says Ramanathan. "If you can realize high-performance solid-oxide fuel cells that operate in the 300°C range, you can use them in transportation vehicles and portable electronics, and with different types of fuels." — Our Bureau
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---------- Forwarded message ----------
From: Pannirselvam P.V <pannirbr@...>
Date: Thu, Dec 24, 2009 at 8:40 PM
Subject: Fwd: Practical tec
To: Rajesh sk <rajeshsk76@...>
h
ttp://www.mfcprogetti.com/eng/15-technologies_plant/10-BIOMASS_GASIFICATION.html
real chemical enginering desigin appied in practice
see how pyrolyis and co2 removal are made very well
see the complexity of integration of pyrogas and reforming .
O2 from air is reduced using co2 in pyrlyis as well as reforming
gasification
syngas play key role , methane and co2 input make reforming perfect
very valued prodcuts
charcoal
activated cabon
co2 free comcutivel syngas
---------- Forwarded message ----------
From: Pannirselvam P.V <pannirbr@...>
Date: Thu, Dec 24, 2009 at 6:57 PM
Subject: Practical tec
To: "pannirbr.biomassenergybr" <pannirbr.biomassenergybr@...>
Cc: Rajesh sk <rajeshsk76@...>
BIOMASS GASIFICATION For the production of the combustible gas by a thermal
treatment of:
a) Virgin biomasses:
Wood, SRF, wood saw dust, non polluted waste from furniture manufacturing.
b) Residual biomasses:
Pruning, shells, fruit stones, straw, corn stalks and corn cobs.
c) Agro industrial residues:
Olive husk, marc, rice and other chaff, fowl dung, other defecations, pallets,
packaging waste, furniture saw mill polluted waste, leather dust and general
waste.
d) Paper and cardboard, tires, plastics, urban waste ad CDR.
The thermal treatment is intended to solve the ecological problem connected to
the elimination of the cited waste to generate a good economical result through
the obtainment
see flow sheets of practical technology at the bottom of this
flow sheet
h
ttp://www.mfcprogetti.com/eng/15-technologies_plant/10-BIOMASS_GASIFICATION.html
Some of some highly added value products such as:
* electricity;
* co-generated heat;
* recovery of valued metals (chrome from leather waste).
Beside the above products it is also possible to produce Activated Carbon
production from the following raw materials:
- walnuts shells;
- coconut shells;
- palm scraps;
- sugar canes;
- branches;
- forest wood;
- date stones;
- olive husks.
--
Pagandai V Pannirselvam
Interessados em apresentar projetos de energia limpa, eco produtos para casas,
lojas, terrenos e granjas, poderão postar neste lugar
gandai vaithianathan pannir selvam - 4:59 pm - limited innovacao tecnologica http://www.eps.ufsc.br/disserta98/ivone/cap2.html capítulo 2 -- ************************************************p.v.pannirselvamassociate . prof.research group ,gpec, coordinator computer aided cost engineeringdeq – departamento de engenharia químicact – centro de tecnologia / ufrn, lagoa nova – natal/rn campus universitário. cep: 59.072-970north east,brazil*******************************************https://sites.google.com/a/biomassa.eq.ufrn.br/sites/ and http://ecosyseng.wetpaint.com/fone ;office84 3215-3769 , ramal 210home : 84 3217-1557mobile :558488145083email:pvpa@...@yahoo.compannirbr@...@msn.com
from maricy cansian --brazil eu gostaria de adicioná-lo à minha rede profissional no linkedin. -maricy confirm that you know maricy you are receiving invitation to connect emails. unsubscribe© 2011, linkedin corporation. 2029 stierlin ct. mountain view, ca 94043, usa
hi, pagandai vaithiantahn pannir selvam added your name to academia.edu, the global directory of academics and graduate students. we checked your department directory, and it looks like you are an academic/graduate student. you are currently listed as an 'unknown' academic/graduate student: resolve your 'unknown' status by following one of the links below: yes, i am an academic/graduate student:http://academia.edu/yes-ecobusinessnetwork-at-grouplygroups.com-is-an-academic-or-graduate-student no, i am not an academic/graduate student:http://academia.edu/remove-ecobusinessnetwork-at-grouplygroups.com-from-the-directory-of-academics thanks, the academia.edu team academia.edu's office is at: 251 kearny st., suite 520, san francisco, ca, 94108. to opt out of receiving these kinds of emails from academia.edu, go to: http://academia.edu/t/token/optout/bd31aeb1fbdcc5f3244dcd37068d141f
his analysis compares the average 3-year total cost of ownership between investing in a newtraditional mid-market erp system, a traditional enterprise erp system, or a compiere erp system.contact compiere for detailed costs analysis. hardware & software provisioning implementation & training (f) annual operating cost (g) total 3 year cost total 3 year savings total 3 year % savings existing legacy enterprise erp (a) $301,143 $903,429 replacement alternatives average traditional midmarket (b) $162,592 $89,112 $263,691 $1,042,777 -$139,348 -15% average traditional enterprise (c) $191,640 $117,477 $307,378 $1,231,251 -$327,822 -36% compiere on-premise erp (d) $22,000 $37,908 $99,051 $357,061 $546,368 60% compiere cloud edition (e) - $37,908 $82,956 $286,776 $616,652 68% a) average cost to maintain an existing legacy enterprise erp platform at these user levels, based on independent 3rd party benchmark results. b) the average cost of acquiring, deploying and maintaining a new traditional mid-market erp solution. c) the average cost of acquiring, deploying and maintaining a new traditional enterprise erp solution. d) the average cost of acquiring, deploying and maintaining a new compiere on-premise solution at these user levels, based on compiere solution averages. e) the average cost of acquiring, deploying and maintain a new compiere solution deployed in the cloud at these user levels, based on compiere solution averages. f) implementation & training cost refers to the consulting fees required to implement and train your users on the system. g) on-going system cost includes hardware and software support fees plus a fully burdened employee. * the total cost of ownership analysis (tco analysis), the materials accessed through it, and results provided by it are provided by compiere on an 'as-is' basis without warranty of any kind. the results shown by the tco are for illustrative purposes only, without warranty as to accuracy or completeness, and are not an offer of terms under which compiere or its partners would do business. -- ************************************************p.v.pannirselvamassociate . prof.research group ,gpec, coordinator computer aided cost engineeringdeq – departamento de engenharia química ct – centro de tecnologia / ufrn, lagoa nova – natal/rncampus universitário. cep: 59.072-970north east,brazil*******************************************https://sites.google.com/a/biomassa.eq.ufrn.br/sites/ and http://ecosyseng.wetpaint.com/fone ;office84 3215-3769 , ramal 210home : 84 3217-1557mobile :558488145083email:pvpa@...@yahoo.compannirbr@...@msn.com
http://www.novonegocio.com.br/como-abrir-um-negocio/
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8 shared members
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Connecting under developed Rural isolated area with Brazil,India Australia, Russia, Mexico, Africa ,Europe ,America e Asia.
Welcome to the exclusive B2B network for connecting & finding opportunities with global 4,000+ Brazilian , African Indian & South Asian professionals, entrepreneurs, businesses & organizations!.You can have several facility like one in other social business network in india Top Ten Benefits for joining ECo Business Network. Still thinking , join us today & multiply your opportunities on America ,BRAZIL, asia, India ,Asia Business Network
veru simple technology
http://www.bioenergianatal.com.br/index.php
************************************************
P.V.PANNIRSELVAM
ASSOCIATE . PROF.
Research Group ,GPEC, Coordinator
Computer aided Cost engineering
************************************************
DEQ , Departamento de Engenharia Quimica
CT , Centro de Tecnologia / UFRN, Lagoa Nova , Natal/RN
Campus Universit??rio. CEP: 59.072-970
North East,Brazil
************************************************
https://sites.google.com/a/biomassa.eq.ufrn.br/sites/
and
http://ecosyseng.
This is the pictorial part of the desciption of an easy charring method.
For a more descriptive explanation, go to the other side. Click on the
picture.
http://www.holon.se/folke/carbon/simplechar/simplechar.shtml
The equipment: Two metal barrels, the larger about 20 cm (8 in) wider and
10 cm (4in) higher than the smaller vessel. In the larger one you make air
intakes some centimetres (about1 in) from the bottom that allow an ample amount
of air intake. The smaller vessel, you do nothing with.
Fill the smaller vessel with biomass, preferrably dry to make the charring
procedure more efficient. Use chips, dry grass, bamboo or Miscanthus stalks,
twigs, sawdust or what you have. Even some hard bones are good to put in.
Put the material in as tight as possible.
Fill the vessel level with the top. It will be placed upside down.
Put the filled vessel on a pair of bricks to make the next step easier.
Put the larger drum upside down on top of the smaller vessel, so the bottom of
the drum fits close to the top of the biomass filled vessel.
Hold the inner vessel tight to the bottom of the larger when turning it back so
the content doesn't spill out.
When you have done that, the smaller vessel stands upside down in the larger.
No lids, no fastening. (Although it could be fine with some cover,
just to keep the material inside the vessel when turning. )
Put dry firewood in the space between the two vessels (and some on top). Light
it.
Replenish the firewood, so it burns at least 30 - 40 minutes.
After 30-40 minutes, the pyrolysis of the biomass starts. The gases will emerge
from the vessel through the chink between the vessel and the barrel and
immediately take fire and heat the vessel more, so more gases emerge, and so on.
It is easy to see when this happens.
To be sure that all the pyrolysis gases take fire, be sure that the air inlets
really gives an excess of air, and the passage between the vessel and the jar is
long enough (if it takes 1 second, you are on the safe side). Otherwise, the
fire will smoke and powerful greenhouse gases will emerge into the atmosphere.
When the pyrolysis of the biomass have started, it is a good time to pepare the
dinner. A wok is a delicious way to use the garden producs.
You have about 30-40 minutes to use the heat, which is just enough to prepare a
meal.
Carbon dioxide negative cooking!
After about half an hour, the fire will stop burning rather abruptly. At that
time, there is (hopefully) only charcoal left in the vessel. Let it cool at
least an hour. If you take hot charcoal into the air, it may catch fire.
When the vessel has cooled down, turn everything back again (preferrrably over
the soil in a garden plot, to take care of the ashes). The char is ready to dig
down in the soil, to put into the compost or let it absorb urine
for increased soil fertility. Also, put on the soil, it will deter snails.
http://www.holon.se/folke/carbon/simplechar/simplechar.shtml
market research studies and products generated by the industrial employment of coir what is the researchthe federal university of rio grande do norte (ufrn), according to the environmental benefits produced by the use of coconut shell, developed a project for better use of coconut fiber in the manufacture of composite materials with commercial and technological innovation. consumption of green coconut water in brazil is significant and growing. the annual production of coconut is estimated at approximately 1.5 billion units, with the country among the ten largest producers of fruit in the world. the production of coir brazil is more than 7000 tons. the processing industry or mature coconut, is from a significant amount of waste which the coconut shells, from 80% to 85% of the gross weight of the fruit, are generally used as fuel in boilers, being deposited in landfills elsewhere and roadsides. in natal, rio grande do norte, are produced 250 tonnes of organic waste, of which 20% are related to solid waste from coconut. is important to note that the coconut shell is a difficult matter decomposition, leading more than eight years to reinstate the ground. the valorizção solid waste, therefore, the use of processed green coconut shell, as well as social and economic relevance, it is extremely important from an environmental standpoint. as you surveythe survey was developed in partnership with aquacoco located in the city of extremoz in natal. the experimental part was performed at the laboratory of thermodynamics and reactors and engineering laboratory processes and costs. the starting point for the development of the project was the interest of the business, with the discovery of an investment opportunity in the production process. initially, a study of market and product, and beyond the demands of marketing channels and costs. from a detailed survey of the agribusiness chain generator of waste, it was possible to conduct a preliminary study, which defined the key parameters, such as processes, operations and available quantity of waste. were also prepared for flow charts for preliminary assessment of costs to the waste involved. to study the extraction of fibers were used machinery available in the market and in literature, was also carried out visits to manufacturers of machinery and fodder extractor. were made, including some tests with the use of such equipment. besides the raw coir, latex and polyester resin, were studied and developed materials with the incorporation of cargo such as paper, sawdust and coconut. tests were also made to decrease the amount of polymer (plastic), in experiments searching for the manufacture of copolymers (a mixture of two or more polymers), using polyester resin and cashew nut liquid (cnsl) in the formulation. we developed a polymer composite based on polyester and lcc in order to minimize the costs of hard compound (slabs and tiles). for the manufacturing steps of the flexible compounds, we followed the procedure for making mats of coconut fiber, and is used to insert latex interchangeably. however, for the manufacture of the vessels (green tree fern), was used an aluminum mold of the male-female type, and use of natural latex matrix placed in layers, and sent for curing (vulcanization) in an oven during a 1h30 70 ° c. with the mold developed, it was not possible to attest the necessity of using mechanical presses for compaction of coir blanket, if possible, through the closure system, promote the compaction needed to densify the material. the making of the plates was done with a template plan, and was used a polymer matrix developed and incorporated into the fibers randomly. the process was done to pressure and temperature and then was exposed to the sun to complement the cure - a process called termofotopolimerização. for this technique develop possible composite panels using solar energy, and low cost.importance of research this project showed that the manufacturing method produces a significant contribution to the environmental area, in view of the management of solid waste generated, as well as in science and engineering materials. however, the method under study must be improved in all aspects, from technical, to the study of other raw materials as well as in the aspect of adding loads. from the standpoint of social impact, those made up of an alternative economic recovery for the waste duos, such as tree ferns and artifacts related to ecological farming and gardening. the social and ecological impact of the project can generate the creation of new products, lower costs and good quality, using the principles of environmental conservation and development for sustainability. from a technical standpoint, yet economical, the relevance of this study lies in the potential of these solutions to generate jobs in the producing units, develop an appropriate technology management of waste at source, and provide income for small and micro entrepreneurs related to agribusiness in the coconut regional level. text published in scientific publication february 23, 2006. text last updated on september 27, 2010. ________ * glossary galvanized steel: - ferrous material widely used for construction of steel structures. aluminium (al): - non-ferrous material of low specific weight commonly used in automotive and aerospace. ceramics - material derived from burning the clay. composite: - materials consist primarily of two or more materials. density: - ratio between body mass and volume in which the body possesses. shakeout: - withdrawal of the final product of a mold. greenhouse - equipment used for heating. baling - compression using the pressed material baler machine. extractor: - mechanical equipment used for extraction of coconut fibers. pear: - mechanical equipment used for extraction of coconut fibers. latex: - raw material used for making rubber products and their derivatives. can be obtained in a natural way by extracting latex from rubber trees, and also in synthetic form. lcc: - net of cashew nuts. originally from the burning of cashew nuts after condensation of gases. polymer matrix: - phase constituent in the composite material. mesocarp - the region between the green rind (exocarp) and the woody portion (endocarp). template-type male-female: - tool conformation (molding) which uses a kind of press and a cavity that snap when subjected to pressing. polymer: - very large molecules formed by molecular units that repeat, called monomers. polyester resin - polymer marketed in liquid form, when processed hard. termofotopolimerização - polymeric material synthesized by the action of heat and light. vulcanization: - process "cure" through crosslinking in the polymer molecules individually responsible for the development of a rigid three-dimensional structure with resistance proportional to the amount of such bonds. tree ferns - the name given to vessels originating in samambaiaçu plants, endangered species.source: researcher responsible more information- work award winner ambev recycling 2005 (category reducing senac-sp) - this survey was conducted from april to october 2005 and was associate researcher pagandai vaithianathan panner selvam.researcher (s) responsible (lo) brunno henrique de souza santiago title of academic work development project for improvement in coconut fiber manufacture of composite materials with application commercial and technological innovationinstitution (s) federal university of rio grande do norte (ufrn) source (s) sponsor (s) cnpq, iel / rn and aquacoco suggested reading ladies, eloi martins. chain opportunities agroindustrial do coco verde: green coconut nothing is lost, everything can be enjoyed. urutágua journal: multidisciplinary academic journal, maringá, n.5, dec. / mar, 2004. available at:www.urutagua.uem.br/005/22eco_senhoras.htm accessed: 16 september 2010. srbt: productive sector techniques. (portal) brasilia: brazilian institute of information science and technology - ibict .. available at: sbrt.ibict.braccessed: 16 september 2010. gpec: research group on cost engineering, federal university of rio grande do norte. (portal) christmas: federal university of rio grande do norte .- ufrn. available at: sites.google.com/a/biomassa.eq.ufrn.br/engenharia-de-frutas/accessed: 16 september 2010. cempre: corporate commitment to recycling. (portal). são paulo: cempre. available at: www.cempre.org.br/ accessed: 16 september 2010. recicláveis.com.br : your portal on recycling and environment on the internet. (portal). available at: www.reciclaveis.com.br/index.html accessed on 16 feb. 2010. web-resol: institute for the democratization of information and environmental sanitation. (portal). rio de janeiro: web-resol. available at:www.resol.com.br/index/index.php accessed: 16 september 2010. -- ************************************************p.v.pannirselvamassociate . prof.research group ,gpec, coordinator computer aided cost engineeringdeq – departamento de engenharia química ct – centro de tecnologia / ufrn, lagoa nova – natal/rncampus universitário. cep: 59.072-970north east,brazil*******************************************https://sites.google.com/a/biomassa.eq.ufrn.br/sites/ and http://ecosyseng.wetpaint.com/fone ;office84 3215-3769 , ramal 210home : 84 3217-1557mobile :558488145083email:pvpa@...@yahoo.compannirbr@...@msn.com
An overview report it identifies a number of problems (toxic gases, tars,
pollutants) without clearly understanding or describing how these are
solved. It would be far more useful if it were written from an engineering
perspective that highlighted lessons learned, paths forward and
circumstances where gasification can work rather than concluding,
essentially, that small scale gasification has failed because it does not
meet
the criteria of the European automobile industry. Even highly
productive systems were discounted because they didn't meet European
environmental
health and safety standards. Reading the report one would not
know that there are affordable small scale systems that you can very safely
run in
your backyard in Germany.
The report ignores developments in the last five years that are yielding
systems that solve many of the problems that
are highlighted. It has ignored
some very important sources. It quotes unidentified sources ("independent
experts") and old data (Stassen's World
Bank study). Literature is cited but
it does not look like very many of us who are involved in gasifier
development were contacted for this study.
It assumes that students who
write theses correctly interpret what they observe. It incorrectly applies
problems associated with some gasifier
designs to all gasifiers.
To be of any use to industry or policy makers this introductory, or overview
level, study should be followed up with a
deeper study of how gasification
can be used successfully. (A follow up could be done in collaboration with
the IEA Task 33 on biomass
gasification.) At best it will stimulate
interest in making better gasification systems. At worst it will erode
confidence (i.e. funding) at the
policy level in the potential of small
scale gasification.
Kind regards,
Tom Miles
www.gasifiers.bioenergylists.org
Ref.
Small-scale
Electricity Generation from Biomass
Part 1 - Biomass Gasification
http://www.gtz.de/de/dokumente/gtz2010-en-small-scale-electricity-generation
-from-biomass-part-I.pdf
Part 2 - Biogas
http://www.gtz.de/de/dokumente/gtz2010-en-small-scale-electricity-generation
-from-biomass-part-2.pdf
Part 3 of the paper series which will cover plant oil for power generation
will be available by the end of this year.
Dear Stovers, Michael
Blunck from GTZ asked me to share the following
with you, which might be of interest also for the stove list. For
inquiries please contact him
directly (see CC). Regards Christa
Paper series: Small-scale Electricity Generation from Biomass
GTZ-HERA has looked more closely into the
small-scale use of biomass
for rural off-grid electrification. Results are disillusioning.
Following the hype and frustrations over a global
bio-fuel market,
expectations regarding biomass now focus on local power generation in
rural areas of developing countries. International
organisations and
donors advocate wood gasification, biogas, and vegetable oil as
sustainable sources for decentralized power supply. Countless
success
stories on biomass use for small-scale electricity generation have
been published.
However, in practice the picture seems to be a
different one: many
rumours indicate that the actual successes are not as numerous as the
stories surrounding them. As a governmental development
agency, GTZ is
obliged to advocate only promising and sustainable approaches. Hence
the GTZ Programme on Poverty-oriented Basic Energy Services
(HERA) has
conducted several inquiries with experts in Africa, Latin America and
Asia focussing on practical operation experience with small-scale
gasification, as well as the use of biogas and vegetable oil for power
generation. Following the analysis of literature and in particular
many
direct inquiries with local experts , the survey not only
revealed an abundant number of projects but an equally multitude of
problems and
obstacles.
The assessment resulted in a three-part series of papers on "Small-
scale Electricity Generation from Biomass" covering biomass
gasification (part I), biogas (part II), and plant oil (part III) for
electric power generation. The documents are now available for download:
Small-scale Electricity Generation from Biomass
************************************************
P.V.PANNIRSELVAM
ASSOCIATE . PROF.
Research
Group ,GPEC, Coordinator
Computer aided Cost engineering
Sun, 2/11/07 - ---------- forwarded message ----------from: pannir selvam pagandai v <pvpabr@...> date: sat, jul 2, 2011 at 12:23 pmsubject: fwd: farming with only less water and sunlightto: pagandai vaithianthan pannir selvam <pannirbr@...> -- ************************************************p.v.pannirselvamassociate . prof.research group ,gpec, coordinator computer aided cost engineeringdeq – departamento de engenharia química ct – centro de tecnologia / ufrn, lagoa nova – natal/rncampus universitário. cep: 59.072-970north east,brazil*******************************************https://sites.google.com/a/biomassa.eq.ufrn.br/sites/ and http://ecosyseng.wetpaint.com/fone ;office84 3215-3769 , ramal 210home : 84 3217-1557mobile :558488145083email:pvpa@...@yahoo.compannirbr@...@msn.com
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Small-scale Electricity Generation from Biomass
Paper series: Small-scale Electricity Generation from Biomass GTZ-HERA haslooked more closely into the small-scale use of biomass for rural off-grid
electrification. Results are disillusioning.
Tom ,Biomass energy expert wrote recently
Christa, Michael, Elmar,
Thank you for pointing us to these reports. There is some interesting
information in the gasification report but frankly the study is not much use
to either policy makers or engineers. I say this not because of its
conclusions but because if its content. Those of us who have been involved
in small scale gasification for more than 35 years have lived through the
litany of tears reported in the study. We will look with interest at the
documents and literature that are cited but I suspect that we could make
better use of these studies and come to more useful conclusions.
Kind regards,
Tom Miles
www.gasifiers.bioenergylists.org
Ref.
Small-scale
Electricity Generation from Biomass
Part 1 - Biomass Gasification
http://www.gtz.de/de/dokumente/gtz2010-en-small-scale-electricity-generation
-from-biomass-part-I.pdf
Part 2 - Biogas
http://www.gtz.de/de/dokumente/gtz2010-en-small-scale-electricity-generation
-from-biomass-part-2.pdf
gandai vaithianathan pannir selvam - 4:59 pm - limited innovacao tecnologica http://www.eps.ufsc.br/disserta98/ivone/cap2.html capítulo 2 -- ************************************************p.v.pannirselvamassociate . prof.research group ,gpec, coordinator computer aided cost engineeringdeq – departamento de engenharia químicact – centro de tecnologia / ufrn, lagoa nova – natal/rn campus universitário. cep: 59.072-970north east,brazil*******************************************https://sites.google.com/a/biomassa.eq.ufrn.br/sites/ and http://ecosyseng.wetpaint.com/fone ;office84 3215-3769 , ramal 210home : 84 3217-1557mobile :558488145083email:pvpa@...@yahoo.compannirbr@...@msn.com
from maricy cansian --brazil eu gostaria de adicioná-lo à minha rede profissional no linkedin. -maricy confirm that you know maricy you are receiving invitation to connect emails. unsubscribe© 2011, linkedin corporation. 2029 stierlin ct. mountain view, ca 94043, usa
hi, pagandai vaithiantahn pannir selvam added your name to academia.edu, the global directory of academics and graduate students. we checked your department directory, and it looks like you are an academic/graduate student. you are currently listed as an 'unknown' academic/graduate student: resolve your 'unknown' status by following one of the links below: yes, i am an academic/graduate student:http://academia.edu/yes-ecobusinessnetwork-at-grouplygroups.com-is-an-academic-or-graduate-student no, i am not an academic/graduate student:http://academia.edu/remove-ecobusinessnetwork-at-grouplygroups.com-from-the-directory-of-academics thanks, the academia.edu team academia.edu's office is at: 251 kearny st., suite 520, san francisco, ca, 94108. to opt out of receiving these kinds of emails from academia.edu, go to: http://academia.edu/t/token/optout/bd31aeb1fbdcc5f3244dcd37068d141f
his analysis compares the average 3-year total cost of ownership between investing in a newtraditional mid-market erp system, a traditional enterprise erp system, or a compiere erp system.contact compiere for detailed costs analysis. hardware & software provisioning implementation & training (f) annual operating cost (g) total 3 year cost total 3 year savings total 3 year % savings existing legacy enterprise erp (a) $301,143 $903,429 replacement alternatives average traditional midmarket (b) $162,592 $89,112 $263,691 $1,042,777 -$139,348 -15% average traditional enterprise (c) $191,640 $117,477 $307,378 $1,231,251 -$327,822 -36% compiere on-premise erp (d) $22,000 $37,908 $99,051 $357,061 $546,368 60% compiere cloud edition (e) - $37,908 $82,956 $286,776 $616,652 68% a) average cost to maintain an existing legacy enterprise erp platform at these user levels, based on independent 3rd party benchmark results. b) the average cost of acquiring, deploying and maintaining a new traditional mid-market erp solution. c) the average cost of acquiring, deploying and maintaining a new traditional enterprise erp solution. d) the average cost of acquiring, deploying and maintaining a new compiere on-premise solution at these user levels, based on compiere solution averages. e) the average cost of acquiring, deploying and maintain a new compiere solution deployed in the cloud at these user levels, based on compiere solution averages. f) implementation & training cost refers to the consulting fees required to implement and train your users on the system. g) on-going system cost includes hardware and software support fees plus a fully burdened employee. * the total cost of ownership analysis (tco analysis), the materials accessed through it, and results provided by it are provided by compiere on an 'as-is' basis without warranty of any kind. the results shown by the tco are for illustrative purposes only, without warranty as to accuracy or completeness, and are not an offer of terms under which compiere or its partners would do business. -- ************************************************p.v.pannirselvamassociate . prof.research group ,gpec, coordinator computer aided cost engineeringdeq – departamento de engenharia química ct – centro de tecnologia / ufrn, lagoa nova – natal/rncampus universitário. cep: 59.072-970north east,brazil*******************************************https://sites.google.com/a/biomassa.eq.ufrn.br/sites/ and http://ecosyseng.wetpaint.com/fone ;office84 3215-3769 , ramal 210home : 84 3217-1557mobile :558488145083email:pvpa@...@yahoo.compannirbr@...@msn.com
http://www.novonegocio.com.br/como-abrir-um-negocio/
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Maricy C. June 24, 2011 5:51 pm
http://comidaecologica.com.br/livros-crudivoros/A-cozinha-vegetariana-de-Astrid-Pfeiffer.php
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Maricy M. May 22, 2011 5:28 pm
https://sites.google.com/site/curapelalimentacao/
https://sites.google.com/site/residuosnicho/home
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srinivas k. December 31, 2010 3:41 am
http://www.facebook.com/home.php#!/group.php?gid=146836558681866 BIOGAS INDIA FACEBOOK GROUP
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Pannirselvam P. September 17, 2010 5:26 pm
https://sites.google.com/a/biomassa.eq.ufrn.br/engenharia-de-frutas/home/site-pratica-on-line
https://sites.google.com/a/biomassa.eq.ufrn.br/engenharia-de-frutas/ - GPEC/UFRN
http://ecobusinessnetwork.grouply.com/ - rede de econegócios
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gandai vaithianathan pannir selvam - 4:59 pm - limited innovacao tecnologica http://www.eps.ufsc.br/disserta98/ivone/cap2.html capítulo 2 -- ************************************************p.v.pannirselvamassociate . prof.research group ,gpec, coordinator computer aided cost engineeringdeq – departamento de engenharia químicact – centro de tecnologia / ufrn, lagoa nova – natal/rn campus universitário. cep: 59.072-970north east,brazil*******************************************https://sites.google.com/a/biomassa.eq.ufrn.br/sites/ and http://ecosyseng.wetpaint.com/fone ;office84 3215-3769 , ramal 210home : 84 3217-1557mobile :558488145083email:pvpa@...@yahoo.compannirbr@...@msn.com
from maricy cansian --brazil eu gostaria de adicioná-lo à minha rede profissional no linkedin. -maricy confirm that you know maricy you are receiving invitation to connect emails. unsubscribe© 2011, linkedin corporation. 2029 stierlin ct. mountain view, ca 94043, usa
hi, pagandai vaithiantahn pannir selvam added your name to academia.edu, the global directory of academics and graduate students. we checked your department directory, and it looks like you are an academic/graduate student. you are currently listed as an 'unknown' academic/graduate student: resolve your 'unknown' status by following one of the links below: yes, i am an academic/graduate student:http://academia.edu/yes-ecobusinessnetwork-at-grouplygroups.com-is-an-academic-or-graduate-student no, i am not an academic/graduate student:http://academia.edu/remove-ecobusinessnetwork-at-grouplygroups.com-from-the-directory-of-academics thanks, the academia.edu team academia.edu's office is at: 251 kearny st., suite 520, san francisco, ca, 94108. to opt out of receiving these kinds of emails from academia.edu, go to: http://academia.edu/t/token/optout/bd31aeb1fbdcc5f3244dcd37068d141f
his analysis compares the average 3-year total cost of ownership between investing in a newtraditional mid-market erp system, a traditional enterprise erp system, or a compiere erp system.contact compiere for detailed costs analysis. hardware & software provisioning implementation & training (f) annual operating cost (g) total 3 year cost total 3 year savings total 3 year % savings existing legacy enterprise erp (a) $301,143 $903,429 replacement alternatives average traditional midmarket (b) $162,592 $89,112 $263,691 $1,042,777 -$139,348 -15% average traditional enterprise (c) $191,640 $117,477 $307,378 $1,231,251 -$327,822 -36% compiere on-premise erp (d) $22,000 $37,908 $99,051 $357,061 $546,368 60% compiere cloud edition (e) - $37,908 $82,956 $286,776 $616,652 68% a) average cost to maintain an existing legacy enterprise erp platform at these user levels, based on independent 3rd party benchmark results. b) the average cost of acquiring, deploying and maintaining a new traditional mid-market erp solution. c) the average cost of acquiring, deploying and maintaining a new traditional enterprise erp solution. d) the average cost of acquiring, deploying and maintaining a new compiere on-premise solution at these user levels, based on compiere solution averages. e) the average cost of acquiring, deploying and maintain a new compiere solution deployed in the cloud at these user levels, based on compiere solution averages. f) implementation & training cost refers to the consulting fees required to implement and train your users on the system. g) on-going system cost includes hardware and software support fees plus a fully burdened employee. * the total cost of ownership analysis (tco analysis), the materials accessed through it, and results provided by it are provided by compiere on an 'as-is' basis without warranty of any kind. the results shown by the tco are for illustrative purposes only, without warranty as to accuracy or completeness, and are not an offer of terms under which compiere or its partners would do business. -- ************************************************p.v.pannirselvamassociate . prof.research group ,gpec, coordinator computer aided cost engineeringdeq – departamento de engenharia química ct – centro de tecnologia / ufrn, lagoa nova – natal/rncampus universitário. cep: 59.072-970north east,brazil*******************************************https://sites.google.com/a/biomassa.eq.ufrn.br/sites/ and http://ecosyseng.wetpaint.com/fone ;office84 3215-3769 , ramal 210home : 84 3217-1557mobile :558488145083email:pvpa@...@yahoo.compannirbr@...@msn.com
http://www.novonegocio.com.br/como-abrir-um-negocio/
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